Model referesnsi OSI (Open System Interconnection) dibuat oleh International Organization for Standardization (ISO) yang menyediakan kerangka logika terstruktur bagaimana proses komunikasi data berinteraksi melalui jaringan. Model TCP/IP Model dirancang, dikembangkan oleh Departemen Pertahanan Amerika Serikat pada tahun 1960-an dan didasarkan pada protokol standar. Model TCP/IP adalah versi ringkas (yang disederhanakan) dari model OSI.
Model OSI dan TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) adalah dua model protokol jaringan yang umum digunakan dalam komunikasi data melalui jaringan komputer. Berikut adalah perbandingan antara Model OSI dan TCP/IP:
- Struktur Model OSI terdiri dari tujuh lapisan, sedangkan TCP/IP terdiri dari empat lapisan.
- Penggunaan Model OSI digunakan sebagai referensi untuk mengembangkan protokol jaringan dan perangkat lunak. TCP/IP digunakan sebagai protokol jaringan yang paling umum digunakan di internet dan jaringan komputer.
- Lapisan Model OSI terdiri dari lapisan Fisik, Data Link, Jaringan, Transport, Sesi, Presentasi, dan Aplikasi. Sedangkan TCP/IP terdiri dari lapisan Jaringan, Transport, Aplikasi, dan Link.
- Fungsi Lapisan Setiap lapisan dalam Model OSI memiliki fungsi khusus, seperti mengontrol sinyal fisik, mengelola protokol jaringan, mengelola koneksi antara aplikasi, dan sebagainya. Sedangkan lapisan dalam TCP/IP memiliki fungsi yang sama dengan Model OSI, tetapi beberapa fungsi dikelompokkan dalam satu lapisan.
- Kompatibilitas TCP/IP lebih kompatibel dengan jaringan komputer saat ini karena dirancang untuk digunakan di internet dan telah menjadi standar de facto. Sementara Model OSI kurang umum digunakan secara langsung dalam jaringan komputer.
Baca juga : Kebutuhan IP untuk Jaringan, Apa saja?
Model OSI dan TCP/IP adalah dua model protokol jaringan yang berbeda namun memiliki fungsi yang sama. TCP/IP lebih umum digunakan dalam jaringan komputer (internet) saat ini karena dirancang untuk digunakan di internet dan telah menjadi standar de facto. Sementara Model referensi OSI digunakan sebagai referensi untuk mengembangkan protokol jaringan dan perangkat lunak.
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